What does metabolism encompass in terms of bodily changes?

Metabolism is a broad term that refers to all biochemical processes that occur within the body to maintain life. This includes both anabolic and catabolic processes, which are essential for energy production, growth, and cellular repair.

Anabolic processes involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones, which requires energy input. These processes are critical for building body tissues, synthesizing hormones, and storing energy in the form of glycogen or fat. For example, when the body synthesizes proteins from amino acids, it is engaging in an anabolic process that promotes muscle growth and repair.

On the other hand, catabolic processes involve the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy in the process. This is vital for providing the energy needed for various bodily functions, including muscle contraction, maintaining body temperature, and cell division. An example of a catabolic process is the breakdown of glucose during cellular respiration to produce energy.

By encompassing both anabolic and catabolic processes, metabolism reflects the dynamic balance between energy use and energy storage, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and supporting growth and development.